Ethyl acetate extracts of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) sprouts inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo

Table 2 The effect of ASEA supplement on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum of LPS-challenged BALB/c mice.

Cytokine	Time after LPS	Control	ASEA	PDTC
		n = 15	n = 16	n = 9
		Serum cytokine levels, ng/ml
TNF-α	2 hr	7.51 ± 1.37	5.63 ± 1.01	0.87 ± 0.32 **
	9 hr	0.63 ± 0.09	0.31 ± 0.06 *	0.16 ± 0.03 *
IL-6	2 hr	286 ± 28	235 ± 15	299 ± 19
	9 hr	307 ± 43	145 ± 26 **	49 ± 43 **
IL-1β	2 hr	0.21 ± 0.01	0.19 ± 0.01	0.18 ± 0.01 *
	9 hr	0.38 ± 0.05	0.23 ± 0.03 *	0.12 ± 0.03 **

Sera at 2 hr and 9 hr after LPS injection were collected for cytokines assay. The cytokine production in serum was assayed by ELISA. Values are means ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, significantly different from the control group analyzed by Student's t-test.

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