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Table 2 Effects of ischemia-hypoxia and ischemia-hyperoxia in the fronto-parietal cortex of aged rats

From: Region-specific effects on brain metabolites of hypoxia and hyperoxia overlaid on cerebral ischemia in young and old rats: a quantitative proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Metabolite

Control

Ischemia-hypoxia

Ischemia-hyperoxia

Right

Left

Right

Left

Alanine

0.63 ± 0.07

0.59 ± 0.04

0.58 ± 0.06

0.93 ± 0.34

0.66 ± 0.03

Choline

3.43 ± 0.09

3.74 ± 0.08

3.87 ± 0.23

3.58 ± 0.15

4.01 ± 0.09

Creatine

11.63 ± 0.24

11.67 ± 0.35

12.49 ± 0.39

10.80 ± 0.35

11.88 ± 0.21

GABA

1.79 ± 0.18

1.28 ± 0.08*

1.54 ± 0.31

1.13 ± 0.35*

2.18 ± 0.25

Glutamate

15.03 ± 0.26

15.09 ± 0.45

15.92 ± 0.80

12.52 ± 0.80**

15.28 ± 0.90

Lactate

12.59 ± 0.30

16.43 ± 0.40***

16.45 ± 0.83***

15.91 ± 1.00**

15.66 ± 0.76**

Myo-inositol

5.63 ± 0.46

6.64 ± 0.25

7.02 ± 0.50*

6.11 ± 0.50

6.67 ± 0.33*

N-acetylaspartate

10.69 ± 0.21

11.53 ± 0.37

11.66 ± 0.37

9.65 ± 0.32

11.09 ± 0.36

  1. Concentrations of metabolites (mmol/kg w/w) in aged rats, under normoxic condition (control), ischemia-hypoxia, and ischemia-hyperoxia. Data are means ± SE (n = 10 rats/group). Values, determined by proton MRS as outlined in the Methods, are given for the right (ipsilateral to cerebral ischemic injury) and left (contralateral) hemisphere. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 compared with controls.