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Table 4 Effects of ischemia-hypoxia and ischemia-hyperoxia in the occipital cortex of aged rats

From: Region-specific effects on brain metabolites of hypoxia and hyperoxia overlaid on cerebral ischemia in young and old rats: a quantitative proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Metabolite

Control

Ischemia-hypoxia

Ischemia-hyperoxia

Right

Left

Right

Left

Alanine

0.61 ± 0.06

0.72 ± 0.03

0.85 ± 0.21

0.88 ± 0.07*

0.57 ± 0.12

Choline

3.50 ± 0.14

3.61 ± 0.07

3.74 ± 0.23

3.94 ± 0.36

3.72 ± 0.07

Creatine

10.53 ± 0.37

10.86 ± 0.24

10.76 ± 0.31

11.31 ± 0.90

11.32 ± 0.46

GABA

1.86 ± 0.24

2.02 ± 0.13

2.11 ± 0.59

3.16 ± 0.60*

2.25 ± 0.33

Glutamate

13.89 ± 0.51

13.73 ± 0.21

13.93 ± 0.46

13.71 ± 1.30

14.06 ± 0.26

Lactate

12.82 ± 0.49

16.12 ± 0.44***

16.37 ± 0.53***

15.53 ± 0.48**

15.69 ± 0.60**

Myo-inositol

6.55 ± 0.18

7.06 ± 0.35

7.76 ± 0.85*

7.63 ± 0.75

7.12 ± 0.33

N-acetylaspartate

9.98 ± 0.36

10.48 ± 0.30

10.87 ± 0.34

10.36 ± 0.60

10.14 ± 0.38

  1. Concentrations of metabolites (mmol/kg w/w) in aged rats, under normoxic condition (control), ischemia-hypoxia, and ischemia-hyperoxia. Data are means ± SE (n = 10 rats/group). Values, determined by proton MRS as outlined in the Methods, are given for the right (ipsilateral to cerebral ischemic injury) and left (contralateral) hemisphere. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 compared with controls.