Table 2 Univariate analysis of urothelial carcinoma (UC) risk among 764 cohort subjects by age at recruitment, sex, education level, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and cumulative arsenic exposure
Risk factors | Count(%) | Follow-up person-years | UC | Crude incidence (per 105) | Age- Sex adjusted HR (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at recruitment a | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   < 50 | 390(51.1) | 7251 | 11 | 151.7 | ref |
   50-59 | 270(35.3) | 4508 | 22 | 488.0 | 3.38(1.64-6.98)** |
   60+ | 104(13.6) | 1557 | 8 | 513.8 | 3.68(1.48-9.18)** |
Sex b | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Male | 336(44.0) | 5716 | 20 | 349.9 | ref |
   Female | 428(56.0) | 7601 | 21 | 276.3 | 0.77(0.42-1.43) |
Education level | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Illiteracy | 256(33.5) | 4270 | 22 | 515.2 | ref |
   Elementary | 363(47.5) | 6386 | 18 | 281.9 | 0.64(0.32-1.25) |
   High school and above | 145(19.0) | 2662 | 1 | 37.6 | 0.11(0.01-0.83)* P trend : 0.01 |
Cigarette smoking | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 595(77.9) | 10535 | 33 | 313.2 | ref |
   Yes | 169(22.1) | 2781 | 8 | 287.7 | 0.67(0.27-1.64) |
Alcohol drinking | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No | 660(86.4) | 11595 | 33 | 284.6 | ref |
   Yes | 104(13.6) | 1721 | 8 | 464.8 | 1.40(0.58-3.35) |
Cumulative arsenic exposure (mg/L*yr) | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
   0-9.9 | 206(26.9) | 3792 | 1 | 26.4 | ref |
   10.0-19.9 | 188(24.6) | 3379 | 7 | 207.2 | 5.96 (0.72-49.03) |
   20.0+ | 183(23.9) | 2874 | 24 | 835.1 | 19.31 (2.46-151.24))** |
   Unknown | 187(24.6) | 3271 | 9 | 275.1 | 7.11 (0.86-58.83) P trend :0.0003 |