Figure 4

STIM1/Orai1-mediated Ca²⁺signalings in tumor biology. Ca²⁺ homeostasis is remodeled in cancer cells during tumor progression, with Ca²⁺ influx increasing through STIM1/Orai1upregulation. STIM1/Orai1-dependent Ca²⁺ signaling integrates the dynamic interactions between actomyosin contraction and focal adhesion turnover to mediate efficient cell migration. STIM1 also influences cancer cell proliferation through cell cycle regulators p21 and cdc25C. Additionally, STIM1-mediated SOCE plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis; one possible mechanism involves the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from cancer cells, another is the cell cycle progression of vascular endothelial cells [72]. Accordingly, STIM1/Orai1-remodeled Ca²⁺ homeostasis is important for aggravating tumor development in vivo.