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Table 3 Effects of reduced oxygen tension on SC differentiation

From: Priming adult stem cells by hypoxic pretreatments for applications in regenerative medicine

Cell type

pO2modulation

Cell differentiation/ mechanism

Ref.

BM-MSCs

CoCl2

Dopaminergic neuron-like cells/HIF-1α dependent activation of EPO, VEGF, p21

[115]

Rat MSCs

Continuous hypoxia

Increased chondrogenesis/activation of HIF-1α, Akt, p38 MAPK, SOX-9

[119]

Human MSCs

Continuous hypoxia

Inhibited osteogenesis/ HIF-1α dependent inhibition of RUNX2

[121]

MSCs

Continuous hypoxia

Inhibited hypertrophic chondrogenesis

[122]

BM-MSCs

Continuous hypoxia in alginate beads

Increased chondrogenesis/ HIF-1α dependent stimulation of SOX-9

[123]

Human BM-MSCs

Continuous hypoxia in gelatine hydrogel

Increased chondrogenesis

[124]

Human ADSCc

Continuous hypoxia and chondrogenic medium

Increased chondrogenesis

[126]

ADSCc

Continuous 2% oxygen tension

Decreased chondrogenesis and osteogenesis

[127]