Recent developments in antiviral agents against enterovirus 71 infection

Tan, Chee Wah; Lai, Jeffrey Kam Fatt; Sam, I-Ching; Chan, Yoke Fun

doi:10.1186/1423-0127-21-14

Journal of Biomedical Science

Table 1 List of antivirals against EV-71 infection tested in vitro and in vivo

From: Recent developments in antiviral agents against enterovirus 71 infection

Antivirals	EV-71 genotype tested	IC₅₀/EC₅₀	*In vitro* cell type	Resistant mutants	*In vivo* mouse model	Reference
Therapeutics targeting viral attachment and entry
Molecular decoys
Recombinant SCARB2	B3	N/R	RD			[28]
PSGL-1	C2	N/R	L-PSGL-1.1			[29]
Heparin mimetics
Heparin	C2	205 μg/ml	Vero, RD			[25, 36]
Heparan sulfate	C2	290 μg/ml	Vero			[36]
Pentosan polysulfate	C2	238 μg/ml	Vero			[36]
Dextran sulfate	B4	N/R	RD			[25]
Suramin/NF449	B1, B3, B4	6.7 μM	RD	VP1 E98Q, K244R		[25, 37]
Kappa carrageenan	B4	N/R	Vero			[38]
Enviroxime-like compounds
AN-12-H5	B1	0.55 μM	RD	VP1 M119L, VP3 R227K		[124]
AN-23-F6	B1	0.15 μM	RD	VP1 A224T		[124]
Receptor antagonists
Anti-SCARB2 antibodies	B3	N/R	RD			[28]
Anti-PSGL-1 antibodies	B3, B4, C1, C2, C4	N/R	Jurkat			[29]
Bovine lactoferrin	C2, MP4^a	10.5 – 24.5 μg/ml	RD, Vero, SK-N-SH		17-days old ICR	[42, 43]
Human lactoferrin	N/R	103.3 – 185.0 μg/ml	RD, Vero			[42]
SP40 peptide	A, B4, C2	6 – 9.3 μM	RD, HeLa, HT-29, Vero			[39]
Anti-heparan sulfate peptide	B4	N/R	RD			[25, 40]
Therapeutics targeting viral uncoating
Pyridyl imidazolidinone
BPROZ-299	C2	0.02 μM	RD	VP1 V192M		[52]
BPROZ-284	A, B1, C2	0.04 μM	RD			[49]
BPROZ-194	C2	1.552 μM	RD	VP1 V192M		[51, 52]
BPROZ-160	C2	0.011 μM	RD	VP1 V192M		[52]
BPROZ-112	A, B1, C2	0.04 μM	RD			[49]
BPROZ-103	C2	0.13 μM	RD	VP1 V192M		[52]
BPROZ-101	A, B1, C2	0.0012 μM	RD			[52, 53]
BPROZ-074	A, B1, C2	0.0008 – 0.018 μM	RD	VP1 V192M		[52, 54]
BPROZ-033	A, B1, C2	0.0088 – 0.069 μM	RD			[52, 54]
WIN51711	B3	N/R	RD			[48]
Pleconaril	A	0.13-0.54 μg/ml	RD		1-day old ICR	[56]
BW683C	A	> 10 μM	HEp-2			[59]
Compound 3 g	A	0.45 μM	HEp-2			[59]
BTA39	A	0.001 μM	Vero			[57]
BTA188	A	0.082 μM	Vero			[57]
Therapeutics targeting viral translation
RNA-based therapeutics
siRNA	B4	< 1 nM	RD		1-day old Balb/c	[67–72]
shRNA	B4	< 1 nM	RD		1-day old Balb/c	[67–72]
Quinacrine	C4	9.71 μM	RD			[75]
Amantadine	Pseudo-EV-71	N/R	COS-1			[78]
Therapeutics targeting viral polyprotein processing
2A inhibitor
LVLQTM peptide	C4	9.6 μM	HeLa			[83]
3C inhibitors
Rupintrivir	C4	0.014 μM	RD		2-days old ICR	[93]
Compound 10b	C2	0.018 μM	RD			[96]
Fisetin	CMUH01*	85 μM	RD			[97]
Rutin	CMUH01*	110 μM	RD			[97]
Therapeutics targeting viral replication
2B inhibitor
DIDS	C4	N/R	RD			[109]
2C inhibitors
Metrifudil	B1	1.3 μM	RD	2C E325G		[37]
N⁶ benzyladenosine	B1	0.1 μM	RD	2C H118Y, I324M		[37]
Guanidine-HCl	B3	N/R	RD	2C M193L		[119]
3A inhibitors
Enviroxime	A	0.15 μM	Vero			[112]
AN-12-H5	B1	0.55 μM	RD	3A E39G		[124]
AN-23-F6	B1	0.15 μM	RD			[124]
TTP-8307	A	> 60 μM	Vero			[112]
GW5074	B1	6.4 μM	RD			[124]
3D inhibitors
DTriP-22	A, B2, C2	0.3 μM	RD	3D R163K		[130]
Ribavirin	C2, M2^b	266 μM	RD, SK-N-SH, N18	3D G64R, S264L	12-days old ICR	[129]
Heat-shock protein 90 inhibitor
Geldanamycin	B4, C2	N/R	RD			[105]
17-AAG	C2, C4	N/R	N/R		7-days old hSCARB-Tg C57BL/6 mice	[105]

^aMouse-adapted EV-71 strain Tainan/4643/98 (C2); ^bMouse-adapted EV-71 strain derived from MP4 with additional two passages in mice; *EV-71 strain with unidentified genotype; and N/R means not reported.
RD: rhabdomyosarcoma cells; Vero: African green monkey kidney cells; SK-N-SH: human neuroblastoma cells; N18: mouse neuroblastoma cells; HeLa: human cervical adenocarcinoma epithelial cells; HT-29: human colon adenocarcinoma cells; HEp-2: HeLa contaminant cells; Jurkat: human T lymphocytes cells; and COS-1: monkey kidney fibroblast cells.

Back to article page

ISSN: 1423-0127

Contact us

Submission enquiries: Access here and click Contact Us
General enquiries: info@biomedcentral.com