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Figure 2 | Journal of Biomedical Science

Figure 2

From: Valproate pretreatment protects pancreatic β-cells from palmitate-induced ER stress and apoptosis by inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3β

Figure 2

Effect of valproate on cell viability and palmitate-induced cytotoxicity in INS-1 cells. (A) INS-1 cells were exposed to different concentrations of valproate for 24 h or 48 h, then cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The figure shows representative results of three independent experiments. The given values are mean ± SD of at least five duplicate wells. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; §P, βP < 0.001 vs. FBS group. (B) With or without VPA pretreatment for 48 h, INS-1 cells were exposed to 0.25 mM PA for 24 h, then cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The figure shows representative results of three independent experiments. The given values are mean ± SD of at least five duplicate wells. §P < 0.001 vs. 0.25 mM PA.

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