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Fig. 3 | Journal of Biomedical Science

Fig. 3

From: T cells and reactive oxygen species

Fig. 3

ROS in the activation of primary T cells. The ligation of CD28 leads to the activation of the lipoxygenase pathway (LOX). This enhances the expression of CD25, IL-2, and IL-4. The triggering of TCR leads to increase in O2 •- production by mitochondrial Complex III (CIII). Whether this O2 •- has any function is not clear. Additionally, the ligation of TCR leads to the activation of NOX-2, which produces H2O2 that enters the cell. Inside the cell, H2O2 activates GATA-3 and STAT-6 but inhibits STAT-3. GATA-3 and STAT-6 direct T-cell differentiation towards the Th2 phenotype and the production of IL-4 and IL-5. STAT-3 leads to differentiation into Th17 cells and to IL-17 production. Black solid arrows indicate production, black dashed arrow indicates import, green solid arrows indicate activation, red bar-headed line indicates inhibition

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