Fig. 6

Morpholino-induced knockdown of YY1a results in brain and heart defects. Morphological analysis of embryos injected with either 25 ng of control-MO or YY1-MO and examined at 48 hpf or 3 dpf following staining with pax 2a, nkx 2.5, or no stain. a Panels a–c. The embryos are stained with pax 2a (a, b; top view, anterior to the right) or not stained (d–f; lateral view). The YY1-MO-injected embryos (panel c) has smaller brain (indicated by black arrow) and abnormal pax 2a pattern (indicated by red arrow) as compared with wild type embryos (panel a) and control-MO-injected embryos (panel b). The fore-, mid-, and hindbrains are shorter (indicated by open square [panel f]; cf. with control [panels d and e]). b Staining with nkx 2.5 was used to monitor heart development. Normal heart formation was delayed at 48 hpf (panel c; indicated by star). Compare with the atria (A) and ventricles (V) in panels a and b. The tube-like heart in panel f (indicated by arrows) should be compared with that in wild type and control-MO-injected embryos (panels d and e, respectively) at 3 dpf. Bars indicate 100 μm