Fig. 1

Under defined culture condition, when cells were treated with LDN193189 for 24 h, cells remained Nestin⁺ (a, red) and DCX⁺ (b, red) after 7 days of culture in EB medium. After lineage restriction and 5 days continuous culture in Neural basal medium supplemented with N2, 84.55 ± 1.14 % of the cells were Nestin⁺ (c), 96.9 ± 1.58 % of the cells were Pax6⁺ (d), 89.14 ± 3.15 % of the cells were SOX2⁺ (e) and 90.95 ± 3.6 % of the cells were SOX1⁺ (f). Neural plate (NP) markers IRX3, SIX3 and OTX2, FP markers FOXA2 and NTN1, and neuroepithelial cell markers SOX2 and PAX6 are all highly expressed after 5 days (g). Scale bars: A, B, 500 μm