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Fig. 1 | Journal of Biomedical Science

Fig. 1

From: Role of vasoactive intestinal peptide in osteoarthritis

Fig. 1

Negative role of VIP in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. The expression of VIP is down-regulated in synovial fluid of OA and down-regulation of VIP stimulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that might contribute to the pathogenesis of OA by developing pain, joint inflammation and cartilage degradation [16, 25, 33]

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Journal of Biomedical Science

ISSN: 1423-0127