Fig. 2
From: Tailored design of NKT-stimulatory glycolipids for polarization of immune responses
Mechanisms of α-GalCer induced anergy of iNKT and accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The binding of CD1d-α-GalCer to TCR of iNKT cells triggers iNKT cell anergy via upregulation of egr-2 or egr-3 in NKT cells. The engagement of CD1d-α-GalCer-TCR also induces expression of FasL on iNKT cells. Binding of FasL to Fas or TRAIL on hepatocytes may cause hepatocyte injury and trigger IL-33 release, which in turns stimulated G-CSF production by macrophage, leading to increased number of MDSCs