Table 1 Common isotopic labeling methods in quantitative proteomics
Types of Label | Principles | Comparison | Methods | Year | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Isotope-Coded Affinity Tags (ICAT) | Thiol group | Pairwise: duplexed | In-vitro | 1999 | [17] |
Stable isotopic labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) | Metabolic incorporation of lysine or arginine | Pairwise: non-labeled (light); Lys4 and Arg6 (middle); Lys8 and Arg10 (heavy) | In-vivo | 2002 | [22] |
Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) | Free amino group | Multiplex: 2-plex, 6-plex, and 10-plex | In-vitro | 2003 | [19] |
Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantification (iTRAQ) | N-terminus and lysine side chains of peptide | Multiplex: 4-plex and 8-plex | In-vitro | 2004 | [18] |
Stable isotope labeling in mammals (SILAM) | combining 15N spirulina with a protein-free chow | Pairwise: non-labeled (light); and nitrogen 15N (heavy) | In-vivo | 2004 | [23] |
Deuterium isobaric Amine Reactive Tag (DiART) | N-terminus and lysine side chains of peptide | Multiplex: 6-plex | In-vitro | 2010 | [21] |
N,N-Dimethyl leucine (DiLeu) | N-terminus and ε-amino group of the lysine side chain | Multiplex: 4-plex | In-vitro | 2010 | [20] |
Terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS) | neo-N-terminal peptides | Multiplex: iTRAQ-based labeling | In-vitro | 2011 | [27] |
iTRAQ hydrazide (iTRAQH) | carbonylated peptide | Multiplex: 4-plex | In-vitro | 2012 | [24] |
Stable isotope labeled carbonyl-reactive tandem mass tags (Glyco-TMT) | N-linked glycans | heavy/light-TMT labeled glycans | In-vitro | 2012 | [26] |
Irreversible isobaric iodoacetyl Cys-reactive tandem mass tag (iodoTMT) | Cys-redox modifications | Multiplex: iTRAQ-based labeling | In-vitro | 2014 | [25] |