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Fig. 1 | Journal of Biomedical Science

Fig. 1

From: Long non-coding RNA and tumor hypoxia: new players ushered toward an old arena

Fig. 1

HIF (Hypoxia-inducible factor) activates its downstream target gene transcription in response to hypoxia. Under normoxia, (blue arrows), HIF-1α subunits are subjected to hydroxylation by PHDs (prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins) and other prolyl hydroxylases. Hydroxylated HIF-1α subunits are recognized by VHL (von Hippel–Lindau) proteins that target HIF-1α for subsequent ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. During hypoxia (red arrows), the hydroxylation reactions are diminished, resulting in HIF-1α accumulation, dimerization with HIF-1β, binding to target genes and activation of target genes through recruitment of p300 and formation of the transcription initiation complex

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