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Table 3 Effects of curcumin and curcumin nano-emulsion on testes oxidative and nitrosative stresses markers (MDA, NOx, GSH, GSSG, CAT and SOD) of male rats under protein deficient diet model

From: Beneficial effects of curcumin nano-emulsion on spermatogenesis and reproductive performance in male rats under protein deficient diet model: enhancement of sperm motility, conservancy of testicular tissue integrity, cell energy and seminal plasma amino acids content

Parameters

Groups

Normal

PDD

C

NCL

NCH

GSH (μmol/g)

27.38 ± 0.43b

10.76 ± 0.60a

22.34 ± 0.68a, b

17.55 ± 0.57a, b

23.27 ± 0.68a, b

GSSG/GSH

0.0296 ± 0.0002b

0.208 ± 0.0143a

0.0486 ± 0.0019b

0.0713 ± 0.0031a, b

0.0436 ± 0.0018b

MDA (nmol/g)

16.91 ± 0.55b

49.29 ± 0.24a

24.44 ± 0.73a, b

27.84 ± 0.14a, b

20.46 ± 0.49a, b

NOx (μmol/g)

2.10 ± 0.05b

5.85 ± 0.26a

3.04 ± 0.09a, b

3.11 ± 0.11a, b

2.48 ± 0.09b

CAT (U/mg protein)

29.36 ± 0.35b

9.58 ± 0.25a

14.94 ± 0.14a, b

19.53 ± 0.4a, b

19.82 ± 0.42a, b

SOD (U/mg protein)

1858 ± 32.47b

406.6 ± 5.808a

942.8 ± 28.67a, b

1129 ± 5.461a, b

1144 ± 9.835a, b

  1. aSignificantly different from normal control, bsignificantly different from PDD group