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Table 1 Main atheroprotective HDL functions

From: Psoriasis-associated vascular disease: the role of HDL

HDL functions

 Cholesterol reverse transport

Cholesterol taken up from peripheral tissues, esterified and transferred to HDL for transport to the liver

 Cholesterol efflux

Cholesterol and phospholipids removal from macrophages

Interaction with cellular receptors: ABCA1, ABCG1, SR-BI

 Anti-inflammatory activity

Inhibition of VCAM-1 expression in endothelial cells

Removal of oxidized pro-inflammatory lipids from cells and lipoproteins

 Antioxidative

Inhibition of LDL oxidation

Removal of oxidized lipids from cells and ox-LDL

Scavenging of ROS

 Cytoprotective

Inhibition of endothelial cell apoptosis

Efflux of toxic oxysterols

 Vasodilatory

Induction of NO production

Inhibition of superoxide release

 Anti-thrombotic

Inhibition of platelet aggregation

Activation of eNOS

 Anti-infectious

Interaction with LPS

  1. HDL high-density lipoproteins, ABCA1 ATP-binding cassette transporter A1, ABCG1 ATP-binding cassette transporter G1, SR-BI scavenger receptor class B type I, VCAM-1 vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, LDL low-density lipoprotein, ox-LDL oxidized LDL, ROS reactive oxygen species, NO nitric oxide, eNOS endothelial nitric oxide synthase