Fig. 3

BAIBA attenuates LPS-induced insulin resistance in differentiated 3 T3-L1 cells through AMPK-mediated signaling. a Western blot analysis of phosphorylation of IRS-1 and Akt in siRNA for AMPK transfected differentiated 3 T3-L1 cells treated with 10 μg/ml LPS and BAIBA (0–30 μM) for 10 days. Human Insulin (10 nM) stimulates IRS-1 and Akt phosphorylation for 3 min. b 2-deoxyglucose uptake in scramble or AMPKsiRNA transfected differentiated 3 T3-L1 cells treated with 10 μg/ml LPS and BAIBA (0–30 μM) for 10 days. Human Insulin (10 nM) stimulates glucose uptake for 30 min. Means ± SEM were calculated data obtained from three independent experiments. ^***P < 0.001 when compared to the insulin treatment.^!!!P < 0.001,^!!P < 0.01, and^!P < 0.05 when compared to the insulin plus LPS treatment. ^###P < 0.001, ^##P < 0.01, and ^#P < 0.05 when compared to the insulin, LPS plus BAIBA treatment