Table 2 Summary of tissue specificity and biological process of RNases
From: A novel ligand-receptor relationship between families of ribonucleases and receptor tyrosine kinases
| RNase | Main expression tissues/cellsa | Biological processes b |
|---|---|---|
| hRNase1 |
• Pancreas • Gastrointestinal tract • Male tissues • Brain • Appendix • Kidney • Endothelial cells |
• Ribonucleolytic activity • Coagulation and inflammation [195] |
| hRNase2/EDN |
• Bone marrow • Spleen • Liver • Lung • Eosinophils • Neutrophils • Monocytes |
• Ribonucleolytic activity • Antiviral activity • Chemotactic activity • Neutrophil degranulation |
| hRNase3/ECP |
• Bone marrow • Eosinophils • Neutrophils • Monocytes • T cells |
• Ribonucleolytic activity • Antibacterial activity • Antiviral activity • Cytotoxic to mammalian cells • Neutrophil degranulation • Innate immune response |
| hRNase4 |
• Liver • Adipose • Colon • Monocytes • B cells /T cells • Endothelial cells |
• Ribonucleolytic activity • Protection of neuron degeneration |
| hRNase5/ANG |
• Liver • Spinal cord neurons • T cells • Mast cells • Endothelial cells |
• EGFR ligand [46] • Hematopoietic regeneration [81] • Binding to plexin-B2 receptor [101] • Tumorigenesis • Weak ribonucleolytic activity • Neuroprotection • Antibacterial activity • Antifungal activity • Angiogenesis • Ribosomal RNA transcription • Innate immune response |
| hRNase6/k6 |
• Bone marrow • Tonsil • Lung • Thymus • Monocytes • Neutrophils |
• Ribonucleolytic activity • Antibacterial activity • Antimicrobial activity • Antiviral activity • Innate immune response |
| hRNase7 |
• Skin • Tonsil • Female tissues • Gastrointestinal tract • Kidney • Liver • Skeletal muscle • Heart |
• Ribonucleolytic activity • Antimicrobial activity • Antibacterial activity • Antifungal activity • Innate immune response • Membrane disruption in other organism |
| hRNase8 |
• Placenta • Spleen • Lung • Testis |
• Ribonucleolytic activity • Antimicrobial activity • Antibacterial activity • Antifungal activity • Innate immune response |
| hRNase9 | • Male tissues |
• Male reproductive functions [4, 196] • Antibacterial activity [35] |
| hRNase10 |
• Male tissues • Heart |
• Male reproductive functions [4, 196] • Regulation of cell-cell adhesion |
| hRNase11 | • Male tissues | • Male reproductive functions [4, 196] |
| hRNase12 | • Male tissues | • Male reproductive functions [4, 196] |
| hRNase13 | • Male tissues | • Male reproductive functions [4, 196] |