Fig. 7
From: Exosome-delivered and Y RNA-derived small RNA suppresses influenza virus replication
The mechanism of how miR-1975 inhibits viral replication. After virus infection, cells undergo apoptosis. The Y5 RNA is degraded to a Y5 RNA-derived small RNA, hsa-miR-1975, during apoptosis. Hsa-miR-1975 and other molecules are packaged into exosomes and then uptaken by neighboring cells. Exosomally delivered hsa-miR-1975 together with other antiviral molecules fuels the production of interferon in recipient cells. Interferons transfer signal to interferon stimulating gene, containing interferon-sensitive response element (ISRE), to inhibit viral replication