Fig. 4From: Glucosamine impedes transforming growth factor β1-mediated corneal fibroblast differentiation by targeting Krüppel-like factor 4Effects of GlcN on Smad-dependent or -independent signaling in HCFs. (a) Immunoblot analysis for detection of total and phosphorylated TGF-βRII, Smad7, total and phosphorylated Smad2, and total and phosphorylated Smad3 in HCFs. GlcN was applied for 24 h, with or without 10 ng/ml TGF-β1. ACTN served as a loading control. (b) Immunoblot analysis for detection of KLF4, α-SMA, fibronectin, and collagen I in HCFs. GlcN (5 mM) and/or TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml) were applied for 24 h where indicated (+), with or without indicated signaling inhibitor. ACTN served as a loading control)Back to article page