Fig. 1From: Beyond defense: regulation of neuronal morphogenesis and brain functions via Toll-like receptorsSchematic of the protein domain structure of TLRs. TLR3 is used as an example here. Binding of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induces TLR3 dimerization, leading to activation of downstream signaling. LRRs, leucine-rich repeats; TIR, Toll/interleukin-1 receptor; TM, transmembrane domain. Proteolysis to cleave the ectodomain is also involved in TLR3 activation, but it is not indicated hereBack to article page