Fig. 1From: Co-introduction of plasmids harbouring the carbapenemase genes, blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-232, increases fitness and virulence of bacterial hostFitness cost. Competitive fitness of the three transconjugants. A CI value less than 1 indicates a fitness defect, and a value greater than 1 indicates a fitness benefit. While the two transconjugants with a single plasmid (DH5α::pM5_NDM and DH5α::pM5_OXA) showed a fitness defect, a transconjugant with both the plasmids (DH5α::pM5_NDM + pM5_OXA) exhibited a marked fitness advantage. The differences were assessed using the two tailed Student’s t-test. ***, P < 0.0001Back to article page