Fig. 3

Results of macrophage and fruit fly (D. melanogaster) infections. a Survival rates of bacterial strains inside macrophage (J774A.1), which were measured at 4 h and 20 h of infection (T4 and T20, respectively). We compared the survival rates statistically using the one-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons test. **, P < 0.001 (b) Survival rates of flies infected with bacterial isolates at OD₆₀₀ = 0.5. Fifteen flies were infected with each strain. c Number of surviving colonies of bacterial strains in the flies after 48 h of infection. Twelve fruit flies were used for each strain, and dots indicate the number of CFU in a single fly. The survival rates in the fly were analysed statistically using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test (P < 0.05)