Fig. 4

Twist promoter activated in HBV/HDV co-transfected Huh7 cells. Wild type Twist promoter reporter (pXP2-Twist) or SBEs mutated reporter (mt-pXP2-Twist) were co-transfected with whole genome of HDV and HBV plasmids as indicated. Luciferase activity was measured using the dual-luciferase reporter assay system with Renilla luciferase activity as internal control. The fold change of luciferase activity relative to Renilla activity were shown as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. *: p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, N.S.: no significant differences. (Student’s t-test)