Fig. 9

Both the N- and C-terminals of KLHL17/AF are required for dendritic spine enlargement. Cultured hippocampal neurons were transfected with the indicated plasmids at 12 DIV and harvested for immunostaining at 18 DIV. a–c Both AF-N and AF-C reduce the width of dendritic spines of WT cultured neurons. d–f Neither AF-N nor AF-C can rescue the impairment of dendritic spine enlargement in Klhl17^–/– cultured neurons. a, d Representative images. b, e Quantification of protrusion density. c, f Quantification of width and length of dendritic protrusions. N the number of analyzed dendrites; n the number of analyzed dendritic protrusions. Samples were randomly collected from two independent experiments without knowing the treatment. Data represent the mean plus SEM. ***P < 0.001; ns not significant. Scale bar: a, d 5 μm. One-way ANOVA (b, e). Kolmogorov–Smirnov test for cumulative probability (c, f)