Fig. 2
From: When human guanylate-binding proteins meet viral infections
GBPs regulate host antiviral innate immune signaling pathways. a GBP4 negatively regulates IFN-I by impairing TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination and transactivation of IRF7. GBP5 represses replication of IAV by interacting with the NF-κB-essential modulator complex to promote IFN and proinflammatory factors expression. b GBP7 impedes NF-κB translocation to the nucleus by preventing the phosphorylation of IκBα and inhibits the JAK–STAT signaling pathway by attenuating the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. P phosphate, Ub ubiquitin