Table 1 Overlapped Genomic and Non-Genomic Actions of Thyroid Hormones
From: Role of thyroid hormone-integrin αvβ3-signal and therapeutic strategies in colorectal cancers
Genomic actions | Non-genomic actions | |
|---|---|---|
Integrin αvβ3 | No | Yes [22] |
ERK1/2 activation | No | Yes [105] |
PI3K activation | No | Yes, only T3 activates PI3K [17] |
T4-induced integrin αvβ3 internalization | No | Yes, nuclear phosphorylated αv monomer-MAPK-p300 complex binds to the promoter region of a panel of genes [70] |
Nuclear receptor TRβ1 involvement | Yes | No |
Shuttling ERα and TR to nucleus | No | Yes [75] |
Actin-reorganization | Yes, thyroid hormone regulates actin expression [14] | Yes [20] |
Gene expression | Dependent | |
Regulating TRβ1 expression | Yes | Yes, T4 via αvβ3 regulates post-translational modifications of TRβ1[67] |
Thyroid hormone-induced cancer cell proliferation | Yes, TRβ1 expression inhibits cancer proliferation [98] | Yes, integrin αvβ3-dependent [74] |