Table 1 Comprehensive list of virus-induced NET formation in vitro and in vivo

Influenza A virus (IAV)

H1N1 (PR8)

Mouse, BALB/c

BALF from uninfected BALB/c mice

Cocultured with influenza- primed LA-4

cells

2.5

IF^a

Mouse, BALB/c

500 PFU

(i.n.)

6 days post- infection

Lung

H&E

12

IF^b

Mouse,

C57BL/6

BM-derived

neutrophils

BAFL from

infected mice

0.5

IF^c

Mouse,

C57BL/6

500 PFU

(i.n.)

5 days post-

infection

Lung

IF^c

13

H3N2

(Phil82)

Human

Peripheral blood

MOI = 50

3

SYTOX

Green

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

30

Human immunodeficiency

virus-1 (HIV-1)

Human

Peripheral blood

Pseudotyped HIV-1

(1–6 ng/ml)

24

Hoechst

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

15

Myxoma virus (MYXV)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

C57BL/6

mice

1 × 10⁷ PFU

(i.v.)

8 h post infection

Liver

Intravital images*

19

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Human

Peripheral blood

MOI = 0.0005–0.005

3

IF^d Quant-iT

dsDNA kit

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

17

Hantaan virus (HTNV)

Human

Peripheral

blood

MOI = 1

6

SYTOX

Green

Human

, infected patients

N/A

N/A

Kidney and serum

IF^e ELSIA^a

18

Dengue virus (DV)

(serotype 2)

Mouse

C57BL/6

BM-derived

neutrophils

8

PL046

Human

Peripheral

blood

MOI = 5

3

IF^f

stat1^−/−

mice

2 × 10⁵

PFU (i.c./

i.p.)

5 days post infection

Spleen

IF^g

20

NGC-N

Mouse

C67BL/6

BM-derived

neutrophils

MOI = 3

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2

(SARS-CoV-2)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Human, infected patients

N/A

N/A

serum

ELISA^b

21