Skip to main content
Fig. 3 | Journal of Biomedical Science

Fig. 3

From: Systems glycobiology for discovering drug targets, biomarkers, and rational designs for glyco-immunotherapy

Fig. 3

Systems glycobiology and cancer immunotherapy. A Targeting novel tumor glycan antigens for treating ‘hard-to-treat’ cancers. Systems glycobiology investigates and characterizes complex glycosylation machinery based on glycomic data, in which the altered glycan biosynthetic pathways and their generated TAAs can increase the list of potential targets for many ‘hard-to-treat’ cancers (e.g., prostate and brain cancers). B Drug discovery for targeting aberrant miRNA regulation of tumor glycans. The recently developed computational tools/databases (Table 4) and mathematical models (Sect. “Predictive glycosylation modeling for guiding rational design of immunotherapy”) for glycobiology can be used to screen glycogenes leading to aberrant glycan synthesis in cancer. By integrating with miRNA array data, the identified glycogenes could be further used to interrogate possible miRNA regulators. CD Developing glyco-marker for clinical outcome or cancer stratification. High throughput glycomic data (including lectin array data) can aid in the discovery of novel carbohydrate biomarkers in cancer stratification and clinical outcomes. Additionally, glycoinformatics tools have facilitated analysis of glycan epitopes by deconvolving glycans from high throughput datasets into their epitopes. By integrating with recent single-cell technologies, we are able to associate them with cancer heterogeneity. All these advanced technologies hold great promise to help us gain a more comprehensive understand of mechanisms of action (MoA) for glyco-therapeutics. E Predictive glycosylation model for rational design of glyco-therapeutic. By mapping glycoprofiles to their respective biosynthetic enzymes and pathways, systems modeling approaches can reveal mechanisms-of-action relating glycoproteins to their associated glycosylation machinery and regulatory network, guiding rational design of immunotherapies. This figure was created with https://biorender.com

Back to article page