Skip to main content
Fig. 4 | Journal of Biomedical Science

Fig. 4

From: Restoration of 5-methoxytryptophan protects against atherosclerotic chondrogenesis and calcification in ApoE−/− mice fed high fat diet

Fig. 4

5-MTP blocks VSMC migration, chondrogenic differentiation and calcification induced by TLR2 or TLR4 agonists. A Quiesced VSMCs were incubated in control medium (EGM2) or conditioned medium from human aortic ECs (EC-CM) with or without Pam3CSK4 (Pam3) in the presence or absence of control IgG or anti-5-MTP antibodies for 24 h. Migration assays were then performed with PDGF-BB as a chemoattractant. VSMCs were treated with TE buffer, Pam3, or LPS in a calcifying medium with DMSO, DL-5-MTP, or L-5-MTP (100 μM) for (B, C) 2 wk or (D, E) 4 wk, with medium changes every 3 days. B VSMC chondrogenesis was determined by Alcian blue staining and C quantified by measuring Alcian blue absorbance at 650 nm. D VSMC calcification was determined by ARS staining and E quantification of calcium deposition was determined by measuring ARS nodule absorbance at 450 nm. Data represent mean ± SD of at least 3 independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 determined by t-test or a one-way ANOVA

Back to article page