Fig. 1

Elp1 knockout results in chromosomal instability. A Schematic of our experimental design. Infected cells were irradiated with a single acute dose of 4 Gy IR at day (D) 5 unless otherwise described. B qRT-PCR analysis of the Elp1 mRNA expression by D5 MEFs. C Immunofluorescence for ELP1 (green) in D5 MEFs. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 10 μm. D Representative images of nuclear buds (NBUDs), and micronuclei (MNi) in the Ctrl and KO MEFs. Scale bars, 10 μm. Statistical results were obtained from analyzing at least 100 cells in each group. Data represent the average of three independent experiments. E Ctrl and KO MEFs were exposed to 4 Gy of IR at D2, and chromosome breaks were counted in a minimum of 100 metaphase cells in each group at D3. Representative images of chromosomal spreads for Ctrl and KO MEFs are shown in the left panel, and quantification of the percentage of cells displaying chromosome breaks is presented in the right panel. Arrows indicate DNA breaks. Data represent the average of two independent experiments. Results are presented as mean ± SEM. Scale bars, 100 μm. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 compared to Ctrl cells using Student’s t-test