Table 1 List of Cdk5 substrates discussed in this review and their functional categories
From: Three decades of Cdk5
Substrates of Cdk5 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Category | Protein/sites | Functional outcome | References |
Microtubule and cytoskeleton-related function | Axin/T485 | Promoting axon formation | [57] |
| Â | Dcx/S710 | Regulation of neuronal migration | [49] |
| Â | Dixdc1/S250 | Increasing the association between DISC1 and NUDEL | [48] |
| Â | FAK/S732 | Regulation of microtubule organization and neuronal migration | [45] |
| Â | GRAB/S169, S180 | Regulation of neurite outgrowth | [55] |
| Â | Map1b | Regulation of neurite outgrowth | [56] |
| Â | NUDEL/S198, T219, S231 | Regulation of neurite morphology and neurite outgrowth | [19] |
| Â | p27/S10, S297 | Regulation of nuclear elongation in migrating neurons | [49] |
| Â | PAK1/T212 | Regulation of neuronal migration and neurite outgrowth | [53] |
| Â | RapGEF2/S1124 | Regulation of neuronal migration | [42] |
| Â | Synapsin III/S404 | Regulation of neuronal migration | [43] |
| Â | 5-HT6R/S350 | Regulation of neurite outgrowth | [54] |
Synaptic function | Amphiphysin 1/S272, S276, S285 | Increasing clathrin-mediated endocytosis | |
| Â | CaMKv/T345 | Reducing spine density | [71] |
| Â | Dynamin 1/S774, S778 | Increasing clathrin-mediated endocytosis | [62] |
|  | Liprinα1/T701 | Enhancing excitatory synaptic | [69] |
| Â | Munc18/S158 | Increasing vesicle release | [60] |
| Â | NR2A/S1232 | Regulation of synaptic plasticity | |
| Â | PSD-95/T19, S25, S35 | Regulation of synaptic plasticity | |
| Â | SPAR/S1328 | Regulation of synaptic homeostasis | [75] |
| Â | TrkB/S478 | Regulation of activity-dependent structural plasticity | [70] |
| Â | L-VDCC/S783 | Regulation of calcium influx | [64] |
| Â | CaV2.2/S2013 | Regulation of calcium influx | [63] |
Circadian clock | CLOCK/T451, T461 | Promoting CLOCK nuclear translocalization and enhancing its activity | [80] |
| Â | PER2/S394 | Stabilizing PER2 and promoting its nuclear translocalization | [79] |
Neurodegeneration | APP/T668 | Regulating of APP localization | [103] |
| Â | ATM/S794 | Regulation of DNA damage response | [115] |
| Â | Drp1/S616 | Promoting mitochondrial fission | [124] |
| Â | Htt/S434 | Reducing Htt cleavage and aggregation | [146] |
| Â | Parkin/S131 | Reducing Parkin ubiquitin ligase activity | [137] |
| Â | Prx1/T90, Prx2/T89 | Reducing peroxidase activity | |
| Â | STAT3/S727 | Increasing BACE1 gene expression via activating STAT3 | |
| Â | Tau/T181, S202, T205, T217, S235, S396, S404 | Reducing microtubule binding | |
Non-neuronal function | Coronin 1a/T418 | Facilitating actin polarization and migration of lymphocytes to chemokine signals | [181] |
| Â | DCL1/S120, S205, S422, S509 | Activating tumor suppressor DCL1 | [187] |
| Â | TRIM59/S308 | Promoting the degradation of tumor suppressive histone variant macroH2A1 | [186] |
| Â | Paxillin/S244 | Promoting OPC maturation | |
|  | PPARγ/S273 | Inducing insulin resistance | [161] |
| Â | Vimentin/S56 | Promotes melanoma cell extravasation | [184] |