Fig. 3

Effect of Sp1-regulated PGE2 production and secretion on TMZ-resistant glioblastoma. a Targeted ω-6 fatty acid metabolome analysis for paired primary and recurrent glioblastoma specimens from five patients based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS. Data in bar plots were analysed by performing two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. The alteration in prostanoids from each patient was expressed as a heatmap. The full definitions of the different abbreviations are provided in Additional file 1: Table S6. b Effect of PGE2 on glioblastoma cell viability. After treatment with TMZ in the presence of PGE2 for four days, cell viability was estimated via MTT assay. c, d Level of PGE2 in culture media estimated via ELISA. e, f Cell lysates after treatment with TMZ for the indicated time interval analysed via Western blotting. The level of PGE2 in the culture media was determined via ELISA. Data and the quantifications were analysed by performing two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test