Fig. 2

LPA induces the expression of ChREBP and fibrotic factors in SV40 MES13 cells. A SV40 MES13 cells were treated with 10 µM LPA for the indicated durations. The level of ChREBP protein was analyzed by western blotting, quantified using ImageJ software, and normalized to that of β-actin. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM of results obtained from three independent experiments. *p < 0.05 vs. control. B SV40 MES13 cells were seeded in 4-well chambers and treated with LPA in the presence or absence of ki16425 for 3 h. Immunocytochemistry analysis was performed using an anti-ChREBP antibody and an Alexa Fluor 546-conjugated secondary antibody. The nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue) (original magnification, 400 ×; the scale bars represent 20 μm). C The SV40 MES13 cells were treated with LPA in the presence or absence of ki16425 for 3 h. The protein levels of ChREBP, fibronectin, TGF-β, and IL-1β were analyzed by western blotting, quantified using ImageJ software, and normalized to those of β-actin. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM of results obtained from three independent experiments. *p < 0.05 vs. control (Con); ^#p < 0.05 vs. LPA