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Fig. 6 | Journal of Biomedical Science

Fig. 6

From: The power of heteronemin in cancers

Fig. 6

Signal transduction pathways are induced by thyroxine and heteronemin in cancer cells. Thyroxine binds to cell surface integrin αvβ3 receptor to activate signal transduction pathways such as ERK1/2 and STAT3. Those signals play vital roles in gene expression involved in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. In addition, thyroxine suppresses pro-apoptotic gene expression and the activities of caspases. On the other hand, heteronemin suppresses ERK1/2 activation and increases ROS production. It inhibits the expression of proliferative genes. In addition, heteronemin activates the caspase signal pathway

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