Material | Fabrication | Cell/tissue DCa; ACb | Evaluated markers/proteins | Evaluated/obtained SG compartment | Refs. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | D | M | V | N | |||||
HA, PlnDIV | Photo CL | hPECsa,b | AC marker: α-amylase CP marker: ZO-1 | ✓ | [72] | ||||
HA | Thiol/acrylate CL | hPG AC | SC marker: CD44, CD168 | ✓ | [216] | ||||
HA | Thiol/acrylate CL | hPG AC | AC marker: α-amylase, β1 adrenergic, β2 adrenergic, M3 muscarinic CP markers: β-catenin, Claudin-1, E-cadherin, ZO-1 | ✓ | [13] | ||||
HA | Thiol/acrylate CL | hS/PCs | DC marker: KRT5 MC marker: KRT14 CP markers: β-catenin, F-actin, Occludin ECM markers: collagen IV, laminin SC markers: CD44, KRT5, KRT14 | ✓ | [26] | ||||
HA, BM peptides | Thiol/acrylate CL | hS/PCs | AC markers: α-amylase, AQP5, HTN1, MIST1, MUC7, PIP, PSP, STATH DC markers: KRT5, KRT19, TFCP2L1 MC marker: KRT14 SC markers: c-Kit, ETV4, ETV5, KRT5, KRT14, MYC | ✓ | ✓ | [111] | |||
HA, Peptides | Mold casting, photo CL | hS/PCs | AC markers: α-amylase DC marker: KRT5, KRT19 MC marker: KRT14, SMA CA markers: integrin α1, integrin α5, integrin β1, integrin β4 ECM markers: fibronectin; laminin SC markers: KRT5, KRT14 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | [217] | ||
HA, RGDSP | Thiol/acrylate CL | hS/PCs | AC markers: α-amylase, NKCC1 DC markers: KRT7, KRT19, TFCP2L1 CP markers: β-catenin; F-actin CA markers: CTGF, CYR61, GDF-15, SERPINE1, TGF-ß1, YAP, ECM markers: fibronectin, laminin SC markers: IGF2, KRT5, KRT14 | ✓ | ✓ | [218] | |||
Fibrin, GFRMG | Solidification, CL | mPGa,b, Par-C10b | AC marker: α-amylase CP markers: F-actin, ZO-1 | ✓ | [117] | ||||
PEG, peptide | Thiol/acrylate CL | mSMGa,b | AC marker: Mist1, NKCC1 DC marker: KRT5 SC marker: KRT5 | ✓ | ✓ | [104] | |||
PEG, MMP-degradable peptide | Thiol-ene polymerization | mSMGa,b | AC markers: AQP5, IP3R3, MIST1, NKCC1, PIP DC marker: KRT5 CP marker: ZO-1 ECM markers: Collagen IV, Laminin SC marker: KRT5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | [27] | ||
PEG, MMP-degradable peptide | Photo CL, Microbubble technology | mSMGa,b hPECa,b | AC markers: α-amylase, AQP5, Cst3, Cst10, IP3R3, Lyz2, MIST1, M3R, Muc5b, NKCC1, PIP, P2X7, P2Y2; Smr3a DC markers: KRT5, KRT7 MC marker: SMA CP markers: ZO-1 SC markers: KRT5 | ✓ | ✓ | [219] | |||
SF | Casting method lyophilization | rSGECs (SMG, PG) | AC marker: α-amylase ECM marker: collagen IV | ✓ | ✓ | [182] | |||
PLL, Au3+/Fe3+ magnetic NPs | Magnetic 3D Bioprinting | hDPSC | AC markers: α-amylase, AQP5 DC marker: KRT5 MC marker: KRT14 SC markers: CD24, CD29, CD90, C-kit, KRT5, KRT14, SOX2 NC marker: ß-tubulin | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | [22] | |
dECM | Freeze drying | rSGSCs | AC markers: α-amylase DC marker: KRT5, KRT18 CP markers: Claudin-1, Claudin-3, E-cadherin, SC markers: CD44 c-Kit, c-Met, KRT5 | ✓ | ✓ | [220] |