Fig. 2

Olaparib combined with Oligo-Fucoidan further inhibits TNBC cell growth and stemness properties. A, B Clonogenic formation of MDA-MB-231 cells was examined after treatment with different doses of olaparib (A) or Oligo-Fucoidan (B) for 2 weeks (n = 6). C The colony formation capacities of 4T1, HCC1395 and MDA-MB-231 cells were examined after olaparib (50 μM) and/or Oligo-Fucoidan (400 μg/ml) treatment for 2 weeks (n = 6). D–E MDA-MB-231 mammosphere formation (≥ 50 µm in diameter) and the expression levels of cancer stemness markers (EpCAM, Nanog and Sox2) were measured by qRT–PCR on Day 10 in response to olaparib (0–50 μM) treatment (n = 5). F–G MDA-MB-231 mammosphere formation (≥ 50 µm in diameter) and the expression levels of cancer stemness markers (CD24, CD44 and Snail) were measured by qRT–PCR on Day 10 in response to Oligo-Fucoidan (0–1000 μg/ml) treatment for 2 weeks (n = 5). The data represent the mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA with Duncan’s test was used to define statistical significance