Fig. 7From: Oligo-Fucoidan supplementation enhances the effect of Olaparib on preventing metastasis and recurrence of triple-negative breast cancer in miceOlaparib plus Oligo-Fucoidan improves anti-TNBC immunity. Splenic immune cells, tumor-associated macrophages and T cells were analyzed in postsurgical mice bearing TNBC and treated with olaparib (50 mg/kg) and/or Oligo-Fucoidan (150 mg/kg). A Immunohistochemical analysis of CD163(+) M2 macrophages in recurrent mammary tumors. B, C Flow cytometry analysis of CD8( +) cytotoxic T cells in spleen (B) and CD4(+)/CD25(+)/CD127(−) Tregs in recurrent breast tumor after the indicated treatments (C). One-way ANOVA with Duncan’s test was used to calculate statistical significance. D Summary diagram of the effects of olaparib plus Oligo-Fucoidan treatment on suppressing the oncogenic IL-6/p-EGFR/PD-L1 pathway and AMPK activation, which impact TNBC cell growth, stemness and metabolism. The combined treatment prevents TNBC relapse and metastasis, as well as immune evasion, by decreasing immunosuppressive M2 macrophages and Tregs and increasing cytotoxic T cellsBack to article page