Fig. 2

Chromatin remodeling and role of ARID1A in maintaining genome integrity. Chromatin remodeling (nucleoside sliding and nucleosome eviction) by ARID1A-containing BAF complex is shown at left (see Fig. 1). Chromatin remodeling is required to open the chromatin structure to ensure easy accessibility of DNA repair proteins of various DNA repair pathways as shown on the right. ARID1A is directly involved in repairing DNA damage using DNA repair mechanisms such as BER, MMR, NHEJ, Alt-NHEJ, and HR and in resolving TRC and aberrant R-loops that give rise to replication stress. ARID1A AT-Rich Interaction Domain 1A, AP site apurinic/apyrimidinic site, BER base excision repair, PARP poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase, 53BP1 tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1, RIF1 Replication Timing Regulatory Factor 1, NHEJ non-homologous end joining, HR homologous recombination, Alt-NHEJ alternate non-homologous end joining, DSB double-strands break, ATR ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein, TRC transcription-replication conflict, TOP2A DNA Topoisomerase II Alpha, MSH2 MutS homolog 2, MMR mismatch repair, MLH1 MutL homolog 1, ICB immune checkpoint blockade. Illustration created using Biorender.com