Fig. 3

Overexpression of MRF promotes the ability of MSCs to recruit monocytes but does not affect macrophage polarization. A MRF overexpression was measured via qRT–PCR after lentiviral transfection (n = 3). B The number of migrated monocytes induced by MSCs was not significantly different after MRF overexpression (n = 3). C The number of migrated monocytes induced by MSC culture supernatants was increased after MRF overexpression (n = 3). D The MCP1 mRNA level in MSCs was measured via qRT–PCR after MRF overexpression under the conditions of coculture with or without CD14+ monocytes (n = 3). E The MCP1 protein level in MSCs was detected by western blotting, and quantitative results were normalized to the result for GAPDH (n = 3). F MCP1 levels in MSC culture supernatants were quantified via ELISA (n = 3). G The MFI of HLA-DR (left panel) and CD206 (right panel) was detected in CD68-positive cells via flow cytometry analysis (n = 3). H Histogram showing the MFI of HLA-DR among the groups cultured without MSCs, with MSCs and with MRF-overexpressing MSCs. I Histogram showing the MFI of CD206 among the groups cultured without MSCs, with MSCs and with MRF-overexpressing MSCs. The data are presented as the mean ± SD; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns not significant. All experiments were independently repeated three times