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Fig. 3 | Journal of Biomedical Science

Fig. 3

From: Reprogramming of sentinel lymph node microenvironment during tumor metastasis

Fig. 3

Novel LN-targeted therapeutic strategies. Nanoparticles have been developed to kill tumor cells or re-activate antitumor activity in the LN. For chemotherapy, 808 nm NIR-triggered nanosystem achieves synergistic chemo-hyperthermia effects to eliminate tumor cells in the metastatic lymph nodes. Nanocarriers can bring nucleic acid toward the LN. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides equipped with C-agarose display high affinity to the macrophages in the lymph node sinus and effectively trigger anti-tumor immune responses in the LN. TLR agonist-conjugated nanoparticles activate DCs in the LN and stimulate T cell activity. In radiotherapy, gold nanorods under short-term NIR laser irradiation may increase tumor cell apoptosis via a thermodynamic effect. Tumor antigens released from cancer cells after IR treatment can be utilized as cargos and carried by nanoparticles to the LN, thus enhancing antigen presentation by DCs to activate T cells. Nanogels carrying an IL-15 superagonist complex coated with CD45 antibody can bind to CD8+ T cells specifically and efficiently stimulate the proliferation of T cells by IL-15 stimulation. On the other hand, by conjugating albumin-binding vaccines with Evans blue, this nanocomplex provides another way for vaccine delivery and cancer immunotherapy

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