Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of the synergistic effect of polymyxin–rifampicin combination against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Table 2 Significantly changed metabolites and differentially expressed genes (DEGs; > 1.0 and < − 1.0 log₂FC and FDR ≤ 0.05) associated with amino acid metabolism induced by the polymyxin B/rifampicin combination at 1 h

Metabolism	Metabolite	Log₂FC	DEG	Log₂FC
Alanine biosynthesis	Pyruvate	− 2.07	iscS	− 1.17
	l-Alanine	− 1.74	dadX	1.93
	Valine	2.07
Serine and glycine biosynthesis	3-Phospho-d-glycerate	2.15	glyA2	1.34
	O-Phospho-l-serine	2.03
	Serine	− 2.01
Phenylalanine biosynthesis	Phenylpyruvate	− 1.96	phhC	− 1.02
Valine degradation	Valine	2.07	bkdA2	− 2.72
			PA0744	− 2.47
			PA0743	− 1.90
Leucine degradation	3-Methylbutanoyl-CoA	2.20	liuA	− 2.68
			liuB	− 2.64
			liuE	− 3.51
Histidine degradation	Urocanate	1.77	PA5106	1.12
Histidine degradation	N-Formimino-l-glutamate	1.54	PA5106	1.12
Tyrosine degradation	l-Tyrosine	2.01	phhC	− 1.02
			hpd	− 3.37
			hmgA	− 2.75
			maiA	− 2.93
			fahA	− 2.82

No significantly changed metabolites and DEGs at this time were detected with either monotherapy

ISSN: 1423-0127