Spatial multi-omics analyses of the tumor immune microenvironment

Table 3 Mass spectroscopy-based spatial metabolomic platforms

Spatial proteomic technique	Biomolecule target	Read-out	Resolution	Coverage of mass range	Tissue preparation	References
DESI	Metabolite	DESI	50–200 µm	0–2000 Da	Solid, frozen liquid	[78]
AFADESI	Metabolite	DESI	300–500 µm	0–2000 Da	Solid, frozen liquid	[89]
nanoDESI	Metabolite	DESI	10–15 µm	0–2000 Da	Solid, frozen liquid	[90]
MALDI	Metabolite	MALDI	2–10 µm	0–20,000 Da	Dried sample in matrix	[75, 76]
t-MALDI-2	Metabolite	MALDI	0.6–2 µm	0–20,000 Da	Dried sample in matrix	[84]
SIMS	Metabolite	SIMS	50 nm	0–1000 Da	Dried sample	[79, 80]
TOF–SIMS	Metabolite	SIMS	0–1 µm	0–10,000 Da	Dried sample	[80]
3D OrbiSIMS	Metabolite	SIMS	0.3 µm	0–1000 Da	Dried sample	[93]
SEAM	Metabolite	SIMS	1.5 µm	0–2000 Da	Cryosections	[94]