Figure 5From: Shear-induced endothelial mechanotransduction: the interplay between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) and the pathophysiological implicationsRelative levels of ROS in ECs exposed to various flow patterns. (A) Steady flow (step shear stress increase from 0 to 13.5 dyn/cm2 and then maintained for 10 or 30 min), (B) Pulsatile flow (periodic variation in shear stress from 3 to 25 dyn/cm2, 1 Hz), (C) Impulse flow (step increase in shear stress from 0 to 13.5 dyn/cm2 for 3 seconds). ROS levels in ECs exposed to various flow patterns were determined by measuring the 6-carboxy-DCF (an ROS probe) fluorescence and normalized to the static control. Data represent the means ± S.E. of three experiments. # P <0.05 vs. static control. (Yu-Chih Tsai, Master’s Thesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, 2002).Back to article page