Fig. 9

Schematic of how ET-1 signal transduction promotes CTGF production. A Without stimulation, HDAC2 inhibits CTGF production through the formation of a corepressor complex with Sin3A and MeCP2, thereby suppressing H3 acetylation on the CTGF promoter. B With ET-1 stimulation, MAPKs mediate HDAC2 phosphorylation, which is followed by the disruption of the corepressor complex and acetylation of H3 in the CTGF promoter region; this prompts the opening up of the chromatin structure to allow binding of AP-1. By contrast, ET-1 recruits AP-1 to the CTGF promoter region through JNK-mediated AP-1 phosphorylation and HDAC7/p300/AP-1 transcriptional complex formation, which in turn induces CTGF expression