Fig. 1
KLF10 deficiency correlated with accelerated pancreatic tumor growth. A Representative H&E (upper panel) and KLF10 immunostaining (middle and lower panel) of human pancreatic normal tissues (left panel), intraepithelial pancreatic neoplasm (PanIN, middle panel), and invasive pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC, right panel). Original magnification: ×100 (mid-panel), ×400 (lower panel). B Violin plots of KLF10 transcript levels of pancreatic normal (yellow) versus tumor (blue) tissues from two representative databases of Gene Expression Omnibus 16515 (n = 52) and Oncomine Logsdon n = 20). *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, respectively. C Local recurrence-free survival curves of 105 patients of resected PDAC with low (n = 66) versus high (n = 39) expression of KLF10 immunostaining as described in “Materials and methods” (HR: 1.70, p = 0.092). D Tumor stage (T1/2 versus T3/4) of 105 patients of resected PDAC with high and low expression of KLF10 immunostaining as described in “Materials and methods”. For T3/4, p = 0.076. E Malignant progression to PanIN or PDAC of pancreas tissue in 18 to 24 week-old transgenic mice including Pdx-1-Cre/LSL-K-RasG12D (KC), Pdx-1-Cre/LSL-KLF10 (KLF10 L/L) and Pdx-1-Cre/LSL-KrasG12D/LSL-KLF10 (KKC) mice. *p < 0.05. F Representative H&E (upper panel) and KLF10 staining (lower panel) of pancreas tissue from KC, KLF10 L/L and KKC mice of 18 to 24 week-old. G Representative immunoblots (left panel) and colony formation (middle panel) of Panc-1 cells with vector control (pLKO) or KLF10mRNA silencing (shKLF10). Quantitative bar graphs (right panel) represent cumulated data from three independent experiments of colony formation assay. *p < 0.05. H Representative images of IVIS during 2–6 weeks after tumor implantation (left panel) and resected tumors at 6th week (middle panel) from orthotopic murine model of Panc-1 pLKO (yellow) and Panc-1-pLKO-shKLF10 (blue) as described in “Materials and methods”. Cumulated IVIS signal (right panel) of at least six mice in each experimental group that were injected with Panc-1-pLKO and Panc-1-pLKO-shKLF10 as indicated. Each point represents mean ± standard error (SE). *p < 0.05