Table 1 Summary of biochemical data
C | CV0 | CVND6 | M | MV0 | MVND6 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Western blot analysis | ND6 | 100.0 ± 10.3 | 102.2 ± 6.8 | 120.4 ± 13.4 | 73.5 ± 2.0 | 74.8 ± 6.7 | 101.4 ± 4.9 |
ND4L | 100.0 ± 2.6 | 98.5 ± 5.3 | 113.4 ± 16.7 | 56.0 ± 6.4 | 55.8 ± 23.3 | 103.9 ± 5.8 | |
ND1 | 100.0 ± 9.1 | 102.2 ± 11.3 | 103.6 ± 12.6 | 77.4 ± 9.7 | 82.0 ± 11.3 | 110.5 ± 14.9 | |
In-gel activity of complexes | Complex I | 100.0 ± 5.1 | 101.3 ± 4.2 | 103.3 ± 6.2 | 78.4 ± 5.2 | 80.1 ± 5.9 | 101.0 ± 4.3 |
Complex IV | 100.0 ± 5.1 | 102.1 ± 5.9 | 102.6 ± 6.6 | 104.6 ± 4.2 | 102.1 ± 3.7 | 99.5 ± 6.4 | |
Steady levels of complexes | Complex I | 100.0 ± 2.9 | 101.8 ± 3.3 | 100.2 ± 2.5 | 81.9 ± 3.9 | 81.0 ± 4.3 | 101.7 ± 6.6 |
Complex II | 100.0 ± 14.7 | 99.5 ± 15.3 | 100.3 ± 14.4 | 101.1 ± 13.7 | 101.7 ± 13.5 | 100.6 ± 10.8 | |
Complex IV | 100.0 ± 13.1 | 101.4 ± 5.9 | 102.5 ± 6.3 | 99.1 ± 4.7 | 103.3 ± 7.9 | 100.1 ± 17.1 | |
Membrane potential | - FCCP | 100.0 ± 4.3 | 92.7 ± 2.7 | 100.3 ± 3.7 | 61.0 ± 2.4 | 61.2 ± 6.6 | 93.7 ± 4.8 |
ATP levels | 2DG + pyruvate | 100 ± 2.1 | 105.1 ± 3.0 | 112.6 ± 2.8 | 61.8 ± 2.3 | 64.9 ± 6.3 | 115.0 ± 5.4 |
Glucose | 100.0 ± 2.6 | 102.7 ± 2.0 | 104.8 ± 1.3 | 100.7 ± 3.5 | 95.7 ± 2.7 | 105.6 ± 5.0 | |
OCR | Basal | 100.0 ± 3.5 | 99.4 ± 6.9 | 112.2 ± 5.5 | 76.1 ± 10.4 | 87.8 ± 5.7 | 106.4 ± 2.6 |
ATP-Link | 100.0 ± 6.1 | 102.0 ± 35.6 | 125.7 ± 5.8 | 62.7 ± 21.6 | 65.5 ± 36.8 | 100.5 ± 3.2 | |
Proton-Link | 100.0 ± 7.6 | 97.7 ± 14.8 | 103.5 ± 10.8 | 84.9 ± 13.4 | 102.3 ± 19.6 | 110.2 ± 2.6 | |
Maximal | 100.0 ± 8.4 | 101.0 ± 6.9 | 109.6 ± 4.8 | 75.7 ± 16.3 | 87.6 ± 7.5 | 97.6 ± 3.5 | |
Reserve Capacity | 100.0 ± 19.0 | 103.6 ± 9.2 | 105.4 ± 9.9 | 75.1 ± 25.8 | 87.4 ± 11.3 | 83.5 ± 13.5 | |
Non-mitochondrial | 100.0 ± 6.0 | 84.2 ± 5.2 | 104.4 ± 17.9 | 79.6 ± 8.4 | 80.6 ± 4.3 | 119.0 ± 2.9 | |
Mitochondrial ROS | 100.0 ± 1.5 | 126.8 ± 3.7 | 118.7 ± 2.0 | 176.0 ± 2.0 | 185.0 ± 10.9 | 117.2 ± 2.9 | |
Annexin V/PI apoptosis | 100.0 ± 16.7 | 95.5 ± 8.3 | 97.7 ± 2.5 | 140.3 ± 10.5 | 144.2 ± 5.9 | 109.3 ± 4.4 | |
Anti-oxidative enzymes | SOD2 | 100.0 ± 13.3 | 101.1 ± 13.4 | 101.6 ± 15.1 | 139.7 ± 9.0 | 136.6 ± 14.1 | 100.5 ± 6.5 |
SOD1 | 100.0 ± 14.0 | 101.1 ± 19.2 | 118.3 ± 18.1 | 175.8 ± 16.5 | 165.2 ± 16.9 | 121.6 ± 5.5 | |
Catalase | 100.0 ± 12.0 | 101.7 ± 7.1 | 100.2 ± 13.7 | 154.2 ± 19.0 | 161.3 ± 16.8 | 103.6 ± 19.9 | |
Apoptosis-associated proteins | Cytochrome C | 100.0 ± 5.3 | 98.2 ± 15.8 | 105.7 ± 14.2 | 162.8 ± 11.0 | 181.9 ± 27.9 | 115.3 ± 13.3 |
BAX | 100.0 ± 25.7 | 99.2 ± 25.4 | 99.1 ± 23.4 | 156.9 ± 19.3 | 165.1 ± 21.1 | 112.5 ± 14.4 | |
Bcl-xL | 100.0 ± 13 | 100.6 ± 13.4 | 101.4 ± 14.8 | 73.8 ± 8.7 | 75.8 ± 9.7 | 100.1 ± 8.6 | |
Caspase 3 | 100.0 ± 6.5 | 100.3 ± 3.3 | 108.6 ± 4.7 | 132.5 ± 7.4 | 140.0 ± 8.4 | 100.2 ± 8.2 | |
Caspase 7 | 100.0 ± 23.6 | 105.4 ± 24.2 | 105.7 ± 20.3 | 172.2 ± 22.3 | 174.6 ± 42.2 | 101.6 ± 28.5 | |
Caspase 9 | 100.0 ± 15.9 | 101.1 ± 14.8 | 103.9 ± 21.4 | 152.4 ± 11.2 | 165.1 ± 19.8 | 107.3 ± 22.9 | |
Mitophagy-associated proteins | LC3 | 100.0 ± 24.7 | 100.2 ± 6.8 | 93.7 ± 8.5 | 75.9 ± 6.9 | 84.5 ± 5.6 | 107.1 ± 0.7 |
P62 | 100.0 ± 9.9 | 102.8 ± 3.7 | 104.5 ± 3.3 | 125.6 ± 3.6 | 119.7 ± 1.7 | 110.9 ± 2.3 | |
PINK1 | 100.0 ± 12.0 | 100.8 ± 14.4 | 99.8 ± 12.3 | 71.1 ± 7.0 | 81.0 ± 13.3 | 102.1 ± 14.9 | |
Parkin | 100.0 ± 29.6 | 99.8 ± 1.1 | 105.8 ± 2.2 | 74.5 ± 3.7 | 73.3 ± 1.5 | 90.7 ± 4.9 | |