Brain alarm by self-extracellular nucleic acids: from neuroinflammation to neurodegeneration

Kunze, Reiner; Fischer, Silvia; Marti, Hugo H.; Preissner, Klaus T.

doi:10.1186/s12929-023-00954-y

Journal of Biomedical Science

Table 3 Summary of SENAs associated with disease severity and prognosis of ischemic stroke in human patients

From: Brain alarm by self-extracellular nucleic acids: from neuroinflammation to neurodegeneration

SENA	Study population	Sample type	RNA/DNA name	Findings	References
miRNA	60 HC 112 IS	Peripheral blood leukocytes	miR-210	Downregulated in IS patients Expression inversely correlated with disease severity	[445]
	27 IS	Plasma	miR-941, miR-449b, miR-581	Expression positively correlates with motor function recovery	[95]
			miR371-3p, miR-524, miR-520 g, miR-1255A, miR-453, miR-583	Expression negatively correlates with motor function recovery
	329 IS	Plasma	miR-150-5p	Expression inversely correlates with mortality within 3 months after stroke	[332]
	59 HC 58 IS	Peripheral blood leukocytes	miR-29b	Downregulated in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disability level and brain infarct volume	[399]
	23 HC 33 IS	Plasma	miR-16	Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity	[366]
	102 HC 128 IS	Serum	miR-146b	Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disability level and infarct volume	[53]
	84 IS	Plasma	miR-124-3p, miR-125b-5p, miR-192-5p	Expression positively correlates with unfavorable outcome at 3 months after stroke	[154]
	94 IS	Plasma	miR-125b-5p, miR-206	Expression positively correlates with disability level and infarct volume	[155]
	58 IS	Plasma	miR-21-5p, miR-206, miR-3123	Expression correlates with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation	[471]
	84 IS	Plasma	miR-124-3p	Expression positively correlates with disease severity and mortality within 3 months after stroke	[315]
			miR-16	Expression negatively correlates with disease severity and mortality
	38 HC 76 IS	Serum	miR-132	Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with post-stroke cognitive impairment	[162]
	21 HC 21 IS	CSF	miR-9-5p, miR-9-3p, miR-124-3p, miR-128-3p	Expression positively correlates with infarct volume	[350]
	110 HC 106 IS	Plasma	miR-126, miR-378	Declined in IS patients Expression inversely correlates with disease severity	[177]
			miR-222	Elevated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity
	33 HC 50 IS	Serum-derived exosome	miR-223	Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity and poor outcome at 3 months after stroke	[51]
	66 HC 65 IS	Serum-derived exosome	miR-9, miR-124	Increased in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, infarct volume and serum level of IL-6	[170]
	42 HC 177 IS	Serum	miR-23b-3p, miR-29b-3p	Increased in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity	[414]
lncRNA	189 HC 189 IS	Peripheral blood leukocytes	MIAT	Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, infarct volume as well as unfavorable functional outcome at 3 months after stroke and 3-month mortality	[478]
	210 HC 210 IS	Plasma	NEAT1	Elevated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity and pro-inflammatory factor levels Expression is inversely associated with 36-month recurrence‐free survival	[214]
	60 HC 120 IS	Plasma	GAS5	Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity and pro-inflammatory factor levels Expression is inversely associated with 36-month recurrence‐free survival	[102]
	320 HC 320 IS	Plasma	lnc-ITSN1-2	Increased in IS patients Expression is positively associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines Expression is negatively associated with 36-month recurrence‐free survival	[465]
	120 HC 241 IS	PBMC	lnc-ZFAS1	Downregulated in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines Expression positively correlates with 36-month recurrence‐free survival	[390]
	120 HC 120 IS	Plasma	MALAT1	Reduced in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines Expression positively correlates with 42-month recurrence‐free survival	[320]
	153 HC 215 IS	Peripheral blood leukocytes	MEG3	Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, infarct volume as well as unfavorable functional outcome after 6 months and 6-month mortality	[394]
	160 HC 160 IS	Blood CD4+ T cells	UCA1	Elevated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, pro-inflammatory factor levels and Th17 cell proportion Expression is inversely associated with 36-month recurrence‐free survival	[319]
	25 HC 36 IS	Plasma	H19	Increased in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity and TNF-α levels	[393]
	95 HC 103 IS	Plasma	NORAD	Upregulated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity, MMP9 levels and mortality within 3 months after stroke	[226]
	125 HC 126 IS	Plasma	ANRIL	Decreased in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity and pro-inflammatory factor levels	[106]
	51 HC 181 IS	Serum	NEAT1	Increased in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity	[9]
			GAS5	Reduced in IS patients Expression negatively correlates with disease severity
			HOTAIR	Declined in IS patients Expression positively correlates with disease severity
	60 HC 120 IS	PBMC	SNHG16	Downregulated in IS patients Expression is inversely associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory factors	[418]
	215 HC 215 IS	Plasma	HULC	Upregulated in IS patients Expression is positively associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines Expression negatively correlates with 36-month recurrence‐free survival	[50]
circRNA	100 HC 200 IS	Plasma	circFUNDC1, circPDS5B, circCDC14A	Elevated in IS patients Expression positively correlates with unfavorable functional outcome at 3 months after stroke	[486]
circRNA	160 HC 160 IS	PBMC	circHECTD1	Increased in IS patients Expression is positively associated with disease severity and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but inversely correlates with 46-month recurrence‐free survival	[299]
cfDNA	91 IS	Plasma	cfDNA	Concentration positively correlates with unfavorable functional outcome at 3 months and 3-months mortality	[135]
	26 IS	Plasma	cfDNA	Concentration is positively associated with disease severity and poor outcome at 3 months	[378]
	54 IS	Plasma	cfDNA	Concentration positively correlates with disease severity and unfavorable outcome at 3 months	[379]
	50 HC 50 IS	Plasma	nucDNA	Concentration positively correlates with disease severity	[372]

cfDNA: cell-free DNA; circRNA: circular RNA; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; GAS5: growth arrest-specific 5; HC: healthy control; HECTD1: HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1; HOTAIR: HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA; IS: ischemic stroke; lnc-ITSN1-2: long non‐coding RNA intersectin 1‐2; lncRNA: long non-coding RNA; MALAT1: metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; MEG3: maternally expressed gene 3; MIAT: myocardial infarction-associated transcript; miRNA: microRNA; MMP9: matrix metalloproteinase-9; nucDNA: nuclear DNA; NEAT1: nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; SENA: self-extracellular nucleic acid; SNHG16: small nucleolar RNA host gene 16; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; UCA1: urothelial carcinoma-associated 1; ZFAS1: zinc finger antisense 1

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ISSN: 1423-0127

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