Fig. 1
From: Role of mitochondrial alterations in human cancer progression and cancer immunity
Mitochondrial alterations and mitochondrial retrograde signaling in cancer progression. Several mitochondrial alterations have been implicated in various types of human cancers. Mitochondrial alteration-induced mitochondrial dysfunction might activate mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathways by mitochondrion-derived molecules (ROS, calcium, oncometabolites, and mtDNA) and mitochondrial stress response pathways (mtUPR and ISR) to promote cancer progression to malignancy. The figure was created with BioRender.com